Charging - Electric Gear

LEVEL 3 DC FAST CHARGER: SAVE MONEY, TIME AND ATTRACT BUSINESS

January 23, 2024December 23, 2023 by ElectricGear

Level 3 DC fast charger converts AC into DC within the charging station, providing DC electric power to charge the battery and enabling the fastest EV charging.

However, the charging speed of the Level 3 DC fast charger depends on multiple factors, including the battery’s capacity to receive power, the charger’s power level, and the battery’s remaining percentage of charging.

According to a report by the Department of Energy, more than 15% of EV charging stations in the US are Level 3 DC fast chargers.

Level 3 DC fast chargers or superfast chargers can charge an EV battery at a quicker speed of 3 to 20 miles per minute. It is, in fact,16 to 30 times faster than a level 2 charger and takes almost 30 minutes to charge the battery fully.

People now worldwide are more familiar with traditional vehicles and their charging trends. They have limited options at the gas stations, and the refueling process is simple, it hardly takes a few minutes for a domestic vehicle to refill.

The process of refueling (recharging) EVs is still rare and is somewhat complicated to the extent that most people need clarification about the charging process and method.

It is so because EVs are new in most parts of the world, and secondly, most EVs come with different charging variations using different levels of charging stations and connectors.

a graph with charging speed of Level 1,2 and 3 chargers

What is a Level 3 DC charging station? 400-volts – 950-volts

The superfast charger, or the Level 3 DC fast charger, is the quickest charging system capable of charging at an alarming rate of approximately 3 to 20 miles per minute. It uses direct current(DC), unlike Level 1 or 2 charging stations, which use alternating current(AC).

Level 3 chargers have the highest voltage range than Level 1 and 2, and you can not put a Level 3 charger at home. Hence, it requires a controlled environment and a vast voltage supply.

Various charging levels have been introduced to fulfill the ever-emerging demand of EV owners across the globe. DC fast chargers can provide power from 200 to nearly 900 DC voltage, also known as Level 3 chargers.

They are used for high-access public areas, public transportation, and large commercial vehicles and can charge EV batteries in less than 30 minutes.

Installation of Level 3 DC Supercharger

Level 3 DC fast chargers have the highest voltage of up to 900 DC volts and, thus, require an extra high level of skill, highly secure infrastructure, and a proper system to maintain these voltages.

These charging stations are installed in high-access public areas for EVs, public transport, and large commercial vehicles.

Some people think of installing Level 3 superchargers at home, but they must keep in mind that the cost of doing so may exceed tens of thousands of dollars, and in some cases, it will surpass the price of the EV you own.

Furthermore, only a few residential locations may have the supply of such high-voltage required to install and supply power to Level 3 DC fast chargers.

If it can be, in any case, fitted at home, it will require a skilled person to operate and maintain it in the long run.

However, installing these enormously high-voltage Level 3 chargers requires technical infrastructure and skilled labor.

Cost to Install Level 3 DC Fast Charger

Many factors affect how much it will cost to install a Level 3 DC fast charger, including the site’s accessibility, the charger’s power output, and any required electrical infrastructure changes. Putting up a Level 3 charger can be expensive, typically costing $10,000 to $50,000 or more.

Most of the budget goes into the charger itself, which can cost $20,000 to $40,000 or more for more powerful Level 3 chargers. In addition to the charger’s price, additional fees may be associated with installation if additional wiring is required to meet the device’s power needs.

There may also be expenses for things like site studies, permits, and other forms of government monitoring. Level 3 chargers can be expensive to install, but certain businesses may qualify for subsidies or incentives from government programs or utility providers to help cover the expense.

Requirements for Installing Level 3 Charger

Installing a level 3 DC fast charger requires careful planning and consideration of several requirements to ensure its safe and efficient operation. Here are some of the essential requirements:

Power supply: A level 3 DC fast charger requires a direct high-voltage current (DC) power supply. The power supply should deliver at least 50 kilowatts (kW) of power to the charger.
Electrical infrastructure: The electrical infrastructure should be able to handle the load of the DC fast charger. This includes the leading electrical service, substation transformer, and distribution panel.
Site requirements: The site should have enough space to accommodate the DC fast charger and the associated electrical equipment. The site should also have proper drainage and should be level and stable.
Environmental factors: The DC fast charger should be installed in a suitable location protected from elements like rain, snow, and extreme temperatures. It should also be located away from flammable materials and hazardous areas.
Safety requirements: Installing a level 3 DC fast charger should comply with all applicable safety standards and regulations. This includes grounding, bonding, and other safety measures.
Communication and networking: A level 3 DC fast charger requires a remote monitoring and control communication network. It includes an Ethernet connection, cellular network, or Wi-Fi connection.
Accessibility: The DC fast charger should be accessible to all users, including those with disabilities. It includes appropriate signage, accessible parking, and a clear path of travel to the charger.

It’s crucial to consult with a professional electrician and obtain the necessary permits and approvals from the local authorities before installing a level 3 DC fast charger.

DC Fast Chargers – Way to Boost Business

In countries like the USA, Canada, U.K., where the EV industry is growing at an accelerated pace, the idea of installing a Level 3 fast charger is unique. It can significantly assist financially, as a Level 3 DC fast charger reduces downtime exceedingly.

EVs are now seen in much more quantities than ever across the globe, and lacking the facility of fast charging is still considered a hurdle for some people willing to go electric because they want to save time.

Large commercial vehicles must also be recharged soon, so it’s time to go for DC fast chargers far and wide the globe. Traditional fuel costs are going higher and higher by the day, and the prediction of the depletion of fossil fuels can be heard all around.

Furthermore, the differences in prices between the two are substantial, and by going electric and saving money, your vehicle becomes eco-friendly.

How fast is a Level 3 charger

A Level 3, or a DC fast charger, is a high-powered charging station designed to charge electric vehicles (EVs) much faster than Level 1 or Level 2 chargers. Although Level 1 and Level 2 chargers utilize alternating current (AC), Level 3 chargers use direct current (DC) to charge an EV’s battery (AC) quickly.

A Level 3 charger’s charging rate can change based on the EV and the charger’s power output. Yet, most Level 3 chargers can fill the battery of an average EV with up to 80% of its capacity in roughly 30 minutes.

Some powerful Level 3 chargers can even supply a complete charge in less than an hour. Level 3 chargers are, therefore, perfect for usage at public charging stations, where EV vehicles may need a quick recharge.

RTM is considered to be the fastest Level 3 charger available. It can charge an EV battery in just minutes instead of Levels 2 and 1, which take hours. Level 3 fast chargers charge the battery 180-1200 miles an hour.

Do all EVs support a level 3 Charging system?

A small fraction of plug-in-hybrid and electric vehicles are not fit for charging on Level 3 chargers because different vehicles have different battery powers and, thus, accept an additional amount of electricity.

Vehicles with small battery packs are incompatible with consuming vast amounts of energy from fast chargers. Additionally, EVs usually use AC charging, and to avail of a DC fast charger facility, a vehicle must support the DC charging system.

Features of Level 3 or Superchargers

It charges most of the EVs and plug-in-hybrid. However, the least quantity of EVs is excluded from it.
Level 3 DC fast charger can charge 3-20 miles per minute.
It can charge 0% to 80% in less than 30 minutes.
DC fast charger provides AC and DC charging simultaneously.

Can All EVs be Charged on a Tesla Supercharger?

No, only Tesla electric vehicles are compatible with Tesla Superchargers, and level 3 DC fast chargers can only be used to charge Tesla electric vehicles. Tesla Supercharger networks are a proprietary asset of Tesla, and Tesla uses this facility to facilitate its customers only.

Level 4 Charging Station: Time to Find the Best Charging Solution

January 18, 2024January 20, 2023 by ElectricGear

Designed with an extensive voltage range, delivering rapid DC power and energy delivery exceeding the mega prefix, with the capacity to top up the EV battery in just 15 to 20 minutes— The level 4 charging station is the latest electric vehicle charging world edition.

A Level 4 charging station, commonly called a DC fast charger, is a high-speed EV charging station that can quickly provide an EV with substantial power. Level 4 charging stations, in contrast to Level 2 charging stations, may supply up to 90 miles of range in just 30 minutes of battery charging.

Level 2 charging points normally deliver power to an EV at 10 to 60 miles of range each hour. Because of this, they are a well-liked option for public charging stations in places where EV usage is significant, such as highways, shopping malls, metropolitan areas, and EV fleets.

Level 4 Charging Station

Level 4 charging stations, or ultra-fast chargers, are the newest and fastest charging stations available for electric vehicles (EVs). Level 4 charging stations use direct current (DC) to charge the battery and can provide a full charge in as little as 15 minutes. They are typically found at highway rest stops and other locations where EV drivers need a quick charge. Level 4 chargers require a 480-volt three-phase electrical connection and are currently only available for a limited number of EV models.

Level 4 Charger

level-4 ev charger — Image credit: Google

Level 4 is the fastest of all available EV chargers in the market. It’s ultra-fast and delivers maximum power output. However, it looks hard to determine the exact Level 4 installation cost, and it’s the most expensive of all types.

Still, these chargers are scarce in the market due to the involvement of cost and technological issues. But a considerable increase in their numbers can be safely predicted soon, owing to the ever-increasing demand for fast EV battery charging.

Until now, Tesla has had the advantage of its super-fast chargers topping up the battery in 20 to 30 minutes. Level 4 chargers will top up the battery in less time than a Level 3 charger but will still be able to provide just as much range as a Level 3 charger.

Even though the inception of fast superchargers has considerably reduced the charging time, the time to get battery energy is still too much, mainly when refueling gas-only vehicles. We have spreading-centuries association with conventional vehicles, and we always unintentionally search for the same refueling parameters left by these vehicles. We may never sit in peace until we achieve that standard—which will revolutionize the EV charging industry to its optimum strength.

What to talk of slow charging, even the fastest charging, taking a few minutes can make us angry, and due to this very reason, we are always eager to find quick and more immediate ways of charging. The advent of Level 4 charging can go a long way to console our quest.

However, there still needs to be more clarity regarding the working, benefits, and effects of Level 4 charging, and we will discuss them in detail.

How Does A Level 4 EV Charger Work?

Level 4 is the high end of the EV battery charging and the complete departure from the electricity used in everyday household appliances.

Level 4, like Level 3, relies on DC energy (it’s the type of energy that travels in one direction —as against AC energy —that constantly travels back and forth)

It delivers almost 1 megawatt of power for charging considerably large battery packs —like trucks and public transport.

Tesla Mega supercharger is the example in hand that is empowered to deliver up to 1.5 MW of incredible power to charge large 500 kWh batteries, adding 400 miles in 20 to 30 minutes. Future predictions are even for faster chargers.

Yet the Level 4 chargers have yet to get fully commercialized. These will probably be found at bus terminals, airports, and large commercial centers to fully cater to the demands of battery packs for commercial vehicles and goods transport.

How Fast is the Level 4 Charging Station?

The powers of all four charging levels have a vast gulf of differences.

Level 3 fast charger: 100 kilowatts (rapid) and 350 kilowatts (ultra-rapid)
Level 4 DC fast charger: Over 1 MW (these are mega chargers and are used for buses and large commercial transport)

Level 4 charging station, with a tremendous power of over one megawatt, can fully charge an EV battery up to 100% in just 20 minutes. Level 4 charging stations are the fastest for electric vehicles (EVs). These chargers use direct current (DC) to charge an EV’s battery and can provide a full charge in as little as 15 minutes.

They are typically found at highway rest stops and other locations where EV drivers need a quick charge. Level 4 chargers can deliver up to 350 kilowatts, making them capable of charging the latest EV models at 1000 miles per hour.

What is the Price of the Level 4 Charging Station?

According to Forbes: “EV DC chargers are very costly, and even if a house is equipped with over 400 volts of electricity supply, installing these will most probably cost more than the EV itself.”

Due to its power requirement and sophisticated structure, it’s costly to install and can cost hundreds of dollars. Charging with Level 2 costs $0.2-$0.25 p/kWh, with Level 3, $0.4- $0.6, and charging from Level 4 would be even costlier.

Charging Cost of Level 4 Charging Station

A level 4 charging station, commonly referred to as a DC fast charger, can range in price based on several variables, such as:

The location of the charging station: Charging rates for stations in more pricey regions, including downtown districts, may be more than at charging stations in more affordable areas.

The cost of power in the region is: The price of power might vary significantly depending on where you are. The cost of power in your location will directly impact how much it will cost to charge your car.

The owner of the charging station: Each charging station owner may impose a different fee for utilizing their stations.

The time of day: At off-peak times, certain charging station providers could provide discounted prices when power demand is lower.

The battery’s capacity in your electric car: The charging price might also vary depending on the size of your car’s battery. A bigger battery will need more power to charge completely, which might raise the cost.

Generally, depending on the variables mentioned above, utilizing a level 4 charging station can cost anywhere between $0.20 and $0.50 per minute or between $6 and $20 for a full charge. It’s important to remember that these prices fluctuate significantly, so it’s advisable to contact the company that provides charging stations for the most recent pricing details.

Can a Level 4 Charger be Installed at Home

If the Level 3 charger is not recommended for home installation, how can a Level 4 charging station be? Due to its complexity, sophistication, and power supply-related concerns, it can’t be installed at home. It would require high power transmission of up to 480 Volt and a three-phase connection, and hardly a residential location can be found with such substantial power supplies.

Even after having the potential to cover the expenses, its installation at home is still impossible due to its unavailability. Some other security concerns are also related to its installation. However, its cost may decrease, and home installation may become possible. It also needs to provide a direct high-power connection to the grid.

An electric car on commercial charging station — Image credit: Google

Different Levels of EV Chargers

Level of charger	Voltage	Power in kW	Current type	Charging time for 250 miles	Range in miles p/min
1	120	2.5	AC	42 hours	0.1
2	240	3.18	AC	11 hours	0.4
3	480	50 to 350	DC	60 min	3.2
4	800 to 1,000	1,000	DC	20 min	22

Is Level 4 Charging Harmful to EV Batteries?

Yes, it can. According to KIA autos: “To use DC quick charging frequently can have an adverse effect on the efficiency and longevity of an EV battery.”

Level 4 charging stations can potentially reduce the lifespan of an EV battery due to the high charge rate. However, modern EVs are designed to handle this type of charging, and when used appropriately, level 4 charging should not significantly impact battery health.

An electric car on charging station — Image credit: Google

Battery manufacturers recommend less use of fast chargers for battery charging, and since Levels 3 and 4 deliver DC output, these can have detrimental effects.

Batteries only perform well when kept and charged under average temperature. But when we inject much energy through Levels 3 and 4, excessive heat generates, reducing range and affecting the battery’s longevity.

The more frequently we use DC fast chargers, the quicker the battery will deteriorate. However, the more effective and efficient the cooling system of the EV battery would be, the more detrimental battery effects could be mitigated.

Furthermore, an EV owner seldom gets a chance to go for fast charging; more often, he will charge his EV battery at home. Occasional visits to fast chargers are adjustable and acceptable by the battery and don’t have such dire consequences as they were if charged frequently by fast chargers.

Is Fast Charging Bad for EV Battery: Yes…but its conditional

March 14, 2023January 18, 2023 by ElectricGear

Is Fast Charging Bad for EV Battery?

The best method of slow charging uses low voltage and provides ample time for ions to stable, and it’s not the case with fast charging.

However, a study conducted by the Idaho National Laboratory (INL) concluded:” that while an electric car’s battery will deteriorate faster if it’s only power source is Level 3 charging (which is almost never the case) the difference isn’t particularly pronounced”.

EV battery chemistry affects the acceptance of high charge through a fast charger. Accepted and conventional wisdom also corroborates that frequent use of DC fast chargers will accelerate EV battery capacity to decline and degrade in the long run. It’s supported by a pretty sound idea that fast charging produces heat, and extended expels of heat for prolonged times speed up the Lithium-ion batteries‘ degradation.

Fast charging supports the best use of long-range and public transportation worldwide. Most modern electric vehicles have built-in Battery Management Systems that monitor overall temperature, voltage, and ion balance to keep the battery’s health intact.

Experts argue that slow charging is the best method for EV charging because it uses low voltage and allows enough space for ion stabilization. Using DC fast chargers for occasional charging will not harm the battery in the way it would if used excessively.

Is Level 3 Charging Bad for the Battery

Some EV manufacturers use air conditioning technology to maintain battery temperature. At the same time, some other EVs are designed to use liquid coolant to dissipate the build-up of excessive heat inside battery packs. It helps keep the battery operating temperature to its ideal level, which improves the EVs mileage and battery longevity.

Some manufacturers have warned their clients of dire consequences if they walk by fast chargers, like EV owners of Kia and Hyundai will see the owner’s manual, which clearly states:

“Battery performance and durability can deteriorate if the DC Charger is used constantly. Use of DC Charge should be minimized in order to help prolong high voltage battery life.”

Ford Mustang Mach E also states in its guide:

“We recommend limiting the amount of DC charges. Frequent use of DC charging could result in reducing your battery’s efficiency and lifespan. The vehicle monitors battery health and may take actions including, but not limited to, reducing the DC fast charge rate to protect the battery hardware from damage, and to maintain battery health.”

Even the Tesla—in its owner’s guide—warns about how fast charging affects the EV battery of Model 3:

“The peak charging rate of the Battery may decrease slightly after a large number of DC Fast Charging sessions.”

DC fast charging, of course, cat be detrimental in some exceptional conditions, and that is if you rely solely on DC fast charging. EV batteries usually perform in temperatures between 70-80 °F (20–25 °C). The provision of more power during the fast charging generates heat, having some downsides for the battery.

EVs cooling system is enabled to neutralize this effect, and for better battery performance, charging from Level 2 is always recommended by most concerned people. It’s not as many adverse effects of Level 3 as you are asked to believe.

According to the Kia Auto website, “DC fast charging frequent use can badly harm the EV battery, and its highly recommended the minimum use of fast charging.

A public Level 3 fast charger can fill an EV battery up to 80% in a while of 30 to 60 minutes, depending on certain conditions, including vehicle type, battery size, and outside temperature. Outside cold temperature hinders charging speed and EV range.

Fast chargers employ a variety of connector combinations. Models from Asian manufacturers use a connector named CHAdeMO, while US EVs use SAE Combo Plug. Most of the fast charging stations support both types of connectors.

On the other hand, Tesla uses another type of connector for its Superchargers, exclusive to its EVs. Tesla EV owners, however, are at liberty to use other than Tesla charging stations via an adopter that is available with the Tesla EV.

DC fast chargers use DC energy to charge the EV battery quickly. It, however, constantly communicates with the electric vehicle and keenly monitors the battery charge of state and charge of health, and delivers as much power as the battery can receive. It also keeps a stringent check on the flow of electricity and does not let the charging system overwhelm and harm the battery.

The battery warms, and the kilowatts flow increases after the charging is initiated to the battery’s maximum output. The charging speed will be slowed if the vehicle doesn’t allow such an amount of energy. Once the charging reaches 80%, it slows down, acting like a Level 2 charger known as fast charging curve.

Cost to Install a Level 3 Charging Station

Different levels of electric vehicles chargers — Image credit: Google

Installing cost of a level 3 charging station varies widely depending on several factors, including the location, power requirements, and permitting costs. Generally, the cost can range from $10,000 to $50,000 or more. Some utility companies may offer incentives or rebates to offset the installation costs.

How Much Does DC Fast Charging Cost

Different levels of EV charging — Image credit: Google

The faster the charging is, the Higher the cost will be.

Earlier, free EV charging was available mainly to promote the eco-drive industry, and now pay-per-use EV chargers can be found everywhere. But the question is, what would be the cost of EV charging? Determining the exact charging cost looks only next to impossible as multiple factors contribute to this decision. However, a brief rundown of the topic is given below.

The exact cost of slow-charging EV batteries at homes depends entirely on the cost of local energy. The average national energy cost is nearly 16 cents p/kilowatt hour. Fast charging is more costly than slow charging and costs twice as much as a Level 2 charger, but it is still cheaper than filling a gas tank.

Fast chargers charge your battery to complete in less than an hour, costing $10-30 for a single full charge. Due to expensive installation, Direct Current Fast Chargers (DCFC) are rare, and a 50kW charger will take 48 minutes to fill a 40 kWh/100 miles with a cost from $6.24-$16.80, still depending on where you are going to charge. Same charging—using a 350 kW DC fast charger—will only take 7 minutes, costing from $1.83 to $6.90 for an additional 100 miles.

It compares to $10.00 to $13.30 for a gas-only vehicle that attains 30 mpg, costing $3 to $4 per gallon to fill up. The need for fast chargers is the need of the hour, particularly when away from home. Considering the US average household for 2022 of about 15 cents p/kWh, per month, EV charging cost would be around $59.

Level 3 DC Fast Charger for Home

Level 3 fast charger is in no way suitable for installation at homes. It’s wholly designed for installation at commercial and industrial levels. It is costly and requires high-power transmission lines with three-phase electricity.

Very few residential areas can be seen with such a massive power supply. Further, certain security risks are associated with it, which looks hard to tackle if installed at homes. Certification from some concerned departments is also part and parcel of its installation.

Level 3 chargers require specialized equipment and labor, trained to operate, and equipped to tackle untoward situations. It’s most suited to high public access areas, highways, bus terminals, airports, and large commercial shopping malls.

However, if someone insists on its home installation in any —yet not to be —case, he may consult the charging station installation network.

DC Fast Charger Cost Per kWh

Generally, a public charging station charging costs $1.50 per hour on a level 2 and 26 cents per minute by fast charging in California. Considering this price schedule, it will cost 8¢ p/mile for a 40 kWh battery with a 150-mile range on a level 2 charger, and the same will be done in 9¢ by fast charging.

150 kW dc Fast Charger Price

From $28,000 to $140,000 for different categories.

It’s the cost range of DC fast chargers with different kW of power. Charging power measured in kilowatt-hours, site work for charger installation, fast charger brand, and labor rates are the primary factors deciding the eventual DC fast charger cost.

According to the Council of Clean Transportation, DCFC may cost 28,000-140,000 US dollars. Installation costs may significantly increase or decrease based on the charger’s kilowatt capacity and other features. Under given are, however, the general rates of fast chargers with different kWs.

DCFC 50kW – $28,000
DCFC 150kW – $75,000
DCFC 350kW – $140,000

Some other sources keep divergent views for the cost of fast chargers and state $40,000 for a 50 kW and $400,000 for a 350 kW fast charger.

EV charging station network installs the fast charging station, requiring a 480V transformer with labor hours exceeding 40 hours.

Is Fast Charging Bad for Battery Tesla?

Tesla claims its batteries retain over 80 to 90% of their capacity even after driving 200,000 miles. Level 3 fast charger harms Tesla batteries as other EVs with liquid cooling systems.

Is fast charging bad for Tesla batteries largely depends on the EV battery cooling system type. Most Tesla models use a liquid cooling system to cool their batteries and motors.

It’s the most complex and efficient cooling mode, keeping the operating temperature between 20 to 40ºC and the inside battery pack temperature difference less than 5ºC. It prevents the temperature from operating outside this range which otherwise stimulates fast degradation and battery deterioration.

Furthermore, frequent use of DC fast chargers may harm battery health in the long run, and its occasional use can be ignorable.

Fast Charging Destroys the Battery.

An ev battery outside the vehicle — Image credit: Google

Frequent and repeated visits to DC fast charging stations can shorten the range and life of EV batteries. Some researchers, after battery experiments, claimed to ruin the battery capacity even after 25 fast charging.

EV batteries are volatile, and as much you keep them happy, as long these tend to yield more. Always try to keep the charging level of your battery from 20 to 80% and use battery charging best practices for good battery health.

Slow Charger vs. Fast Charger EV Battery

Levels 1 and 2 use alternating current, and the car converts it into direct current. Level 3 charger, instead, directly supplies direct current for charging the battery, allowing it to charge quicker. This type of charger is highly sensitive against slow chargers —and closely monitors and communicates the EV to which it is attached. It only delivers the required amount of power to the battery.

Slow chargers take hours to charge the battery to the maximum, while Level 3 fills the battery up to 80% in just 30 minutes. Level 3 EQS 450 fills the battery up to 80% in just 30 minutes.

Slow chargers provide AC energy, and fast charger supply DC energy directly to the battery. As against slow chargers that only use 120V, fast chargers use a much higher voltage of 480V.

What is the Disadvantage of Fast Charging?

The primary disadvantage of fast charging, such as level 3 or 4 charging, is that it can potentially reduce the lifespan of an EV battery due to the high charge rate. Fast charging can also generate heat, further depleting the battery if it is not appropriately managed. Additionally, slower charging options may be more widely available than faster charging stations.

The Crux of the Matter

Fast charging, such as level 3 or 4, can potentially harm an EV battery if used excessively or if the battery is not designed to handle the high charge rate. However, modern EVs are designed to handle fast charging, and when used appropriately, fast charging should not significantly impact battery health.

Furthermore, how effective is the mode of the Thermal Management System of the EV and the method of the battery cooling system have a role to play in this effect. Following manufacturer recommendations and avoiding excessive fast charging is essential to prolong the battery’s lifespan.

Level 1 Charger: Is level 1 charging bad for the battery?

March 17, 2023January 16, 2023 by ElectricGear

Introduction:

The most basic choice for charging an electric vehicle (EV) is a Level 1 charger, which only provides a low-voltage, low-power connection. A 120-volt home outlet supplies power to these chargers, which may add around three to five miles of range to a battery in one hour. In contrast, less rapid than higher-powered charging choices, level 1 chargers are popular among EV owners since they only need a regular electrical outlet.

Whether you are the proud owner of an EV or looking to go electric, the primary concern may be how long it will take to charge and how much it will cost.

Level 1 charger is also known as trickle charging because it only provides the slightest range of 3 to 5 miles per hour. Along with EVs, it’s also used for Plug-in Hybrid Vehicles. PHEVs and EVs are EPA rated from 15-60 and 150-400 miles, respectively. It simply means it requires 3 and 30 hours for a PHEV and an EV to charge, respectively. It’s a general idea about charging time, which may vary depending on the size of the battery and the vehicle’s capacity to receive the charging amount.

EV Level 1 charger is the most suitable for PHEVs because they have much smaller batteries than EVs. Furthermore, Level 1 can not give enough power even to pre-cool or preheat the EV cabin if still plugged in.

Level 1 EV Charger

Electric car charging on level 1 charger — Image credit: Google

Summary: It’s the slowest of all types, with a 120-V standard outlet, supplying almost 1.3-2.4 kW of power, equivalent to 3 to 5 miles of travel per hour. It’s the best for commuters traveling less than 50 miles a day, and according to the US Department of Energy, more than 80% of EV owners charge their vehicles at home.

Location: Level 1 charging usually occurs at homes or any residential areas. They are generally designed to be used outside public places for commercial use. People search for the fastest charging at public charging stations to save time, and Level 1 is not, from any aspect, feasible to be installed there.

Cost: Levels one charger is typically associated with the purchase of an EV. Therefore, determining the cost of the Level 1 charger itself could be more challenging. It’s the cost of electricity which you pay for, and charging overnight costs 13.3¢/kWh (given the

average electricity cost in the US). A full battery charge can cost $1.20 to $13 after considering the battery size and the type of EV.

Features of Level 1 Charger

The leading features of level 1 charges are as follows:

Easy installation: Level 1 chargers are very simple to set up because they need to be connected to a regular electrical household 120-v socket.
These are portable: Level 1 chargers are extremely portable because of their small size and the fact that they do not require any permanent installation.
Cost-effective: These are easy to use and install and are frequently the least expensive charging solution.
Low voltage: Level 1 chargers may be used with any regular electrical outlet without risk because of their low voltage.
Slow charging: Due to its limited power output, level 1 chargers are the slowest choice, adding just around 4 to 5 miles of range per hour to a fully depleted battery.

Level 1 electric vehicle charger — Image credit: Google

The Simplest Level 1 Charging Explanation

Every EV comes with a level 1 charging cord with a certain length.
It plugs into a 120-V standard household three-pronged outlet.
Another end of the cord is plugged into the AC outlet of the EV. It just takes about 30 seconds to complete the process.
EV owners get back 5 miles of range per hour after charging from Level 1. Overnight charging adds only 40 miles of total capacity.
After the charging is over, unplug the cables, roll it, and it is over.

How Does the Level 1 Charger Work?

A level 1 charger can charge an electric vehicle’s battery by converting the alternating current (AC) from a typical home socket into direct current (DC). To do this, a tiny charging device, or “brick,” is used, which is often included in the cable itself.

Level 1 charger supplies alternating current to EV’s onboard charger; it’s converted to direct current and then used to charge the EV battery. Charging time may vary depending on battery size and some other factors. However, Level 1 takes 18 hours to charge an EV battery fully.

What are the Benefits of a Level 1 Charger?

The primary advantage of Level 1 charging is to consume less electricity than fast chargers. Suppose if traveled 10–25 miles a day, the level 1 charger will consume electricity in the range of 867 to 2,167 kWh per year.
Level 1 chargers use a 120-v standard outlet and can be plugged into any 120-volt usually found at homes.
It does not need to install any special charging equipment for it.
These chargers are entirely affordable for an EV owner instead of fast chargers.
At parking lots and workplaces, where EVs are parked for three or more hours, L1 is very effective in charging EVs because it lessens peak energy demand and helps better manage energy and its costs.
Level 1 typically provides 5 miles for each hour of charging, and EV drivers, generally commuting less than 30 to 40 miles daily, can recoup that range in just a few hours. So, parking lots, airports, workplaces, and hotels are where Level 1 charging is the best and most cost-effective.
Level 1 chargers are user-friendly and easy to use. Every EV owner can put it on charging, which is a convenient option for home charging.
Since its speed is slow, it does not pose any threat to battery health.
This type of charging is helpful for those traveling less than 40-50 miles a day.

Is Level 1 Charging Bad for the Battery?

Actually, it’s okay for the battery. It’s, in fact, comfortable for battery health as minimum use of fast chargers is advised by the battery manufacturers. Auto manufacturers always provide a Level 1 charger with the EV.

However, it may be inconvenient because the charging takes much time, and EV owners traveling long distances fear it.

The big downside to sticking with a Level 1 charging station is slow charging time—it takes nearly 32 hours for a 60kW EV battery with a 1.9 kW charge to reach a full charge.

Level 1 EV Charger Wattage

It’s from 1.3 to 2.4 kW

Charging time of different Levels of chargers — Image credit: Google

EV Level, 1 charger output, is from 1.2 to 2.4 kW, which equals 3 to 5 miles of travel for an hour. Generally, the power capacity of EV chargers is defined in Kilowatts. A standard EV battery weighing about 4 miles of traveling receives every kW of power. The higher the battery’s kW, the quicker the battery will charge.

Level 2 charger, compared to L 1, delivers from 6.2 to a maximum of 19.2 kW, while most EV chargers are designed to have the power of 7.6 kW.

Level 1 EV Charger Amps

Its 20 Amp

Level 1 is the slowest of all chargers and is supplied with the vehicle. It uses 120 Volts standard connection, 1.2 to 2.4 kW, and a 20 Amp circuit.

Level 1 Charging Speed kW

A Level 1 charger will provide approximately 1.2 kW to the vehicle, whereas a Level 2 charger provides between 6.2 and 19.2 kW, with most chargers providing about 7.6 kW.

BMW level 2 charger: What is the best BMW charger

March 28, 2024January 13, 2023 by ElectricGear

A home charging station exclusively designed for BMW electric, plug-in hybrid vehicles is called the BMW Level 2 Charger. Compared to regular Level 1 charging, it offers up to 7.2 kW of power, enabling quicker EV battery charging.

BMW EV and PHEV users may easily install the BMW Level 2 Charger at home, giving them convenience and flexibility. Moreover, it has smart charging capabilities that let users plan when to charge their devices and check their progress via a smartphone app.

Manufactured to fit logically into your life, the BMW Level 2 charger is the comprehensive initiative for your electric vehicle whether you charge EV at home or your workplace. From fast charging stations to public charging and selecting the right charging plug, you will find all the information in this article below.

BMW EV Charger

iX (an SUV) with a range of 324 miles and i4 (Sedan) with a range of 301 miles are the BMW models currently available for sale. These compare and compete with other EVs like the Audi e-Tron, Tesla Model 3, and Polestar in most of their features. Both BMW models are considered a symbol of excellence and efficiency.

Charging remains a major topic in EV discussions, owing to the scarcity of public charging stations and the fact that most EVs can only travel a few hundred miles before closing down. That situation, however, is likely to change soon. All 50 US states were given the green light to establish a nationwide EV charging system. According to this plan, people could see one charging station every 50 miles they travel. It will significantly reduce traffic congestion and increase the number of EVs on highways and in cities. Furthermore, this movement supports President Biden’s desire for more Americans to use a more efficient mode of transportation.

All BMW electric vehicles can use three levels of charging, which are also compatible to be charged with a 120v or 240v outlet home charger.

3 Different Levels of BMW Chargers are Available:

Charging at Level 1 (120 volts). A full charge takes 13-16 hours.
Charging at Level 2 (240 volts). A full charge takes about 4-5 hours.
Level 3 (480 volts) DC quick charging. For an 80 percent charge, it takes 20-30 minutes.

We must consider that various chargers deliver different charging speeds, and each EV comes with an optimal charge power it can accept, so it is quite essential to select the EV that can accept maximum power and charger delivering quick energy to make your charging life less awesome.

The below-mentioned charging levels are available, each with a different voltage and power output.

It’s time to discuss each of them in detail.

Level 1 Charger

EV charging with a Level 1, the 120-v charger comes with certain downsides, and the important thing is that it takes longer and only provides a four to five miles range per hour. Overnight charging allows an EV to travel only from 36 to 40 miles. It’s useful for people traveling less than 50 miles a day. Most EV owners are satisfied with this charging level at home because it fully meets their needs.

It is a 120V charger that can charge up to 4 miles per hour and is compatible with electric and plug-in hybrid BMWs.

A standard 120V household outlet is used in the Level 1 charger. BMW includes a free level 1 occasional use charger (OUC) with all their plug-in vehicles. Level 1 charging provides three to five miles of range per hour.

For many electric car owners, the included backup charger allows you to charge your BMW at any 120V power outlet, whether at home or on vacation.

Every electric BMW has a portable, flexible, rapid charger compatible with any 120-volt and 240-volt household outlet. Using this fast charger, you can charge your EV battery for the night, which will be fully charged by the morning.

Level 2 Charger

Range anxiety has always been a primary concern for those going electric, and getting a level 2 charger can go a long way to reducing your EV charging time.

The available Wallbox BMW Level 2 charger (240 Volt home installed) allows you to charge your all-electric BMW. It can deliver up to 30 miles in an hour once the car is plugged in. It fills from 0 to 100% in as little as 12 hours with a speed of 9.6 kW. Some EV owners also install it at home. It’s ideal for outdoor installation due to its basic and weatherproof design. A cable and plug holder is included for easy cable management when not in use.

Always consider the following two factors that influence Level 2 charging speed when delivering power to a BMW i3:

1. Charger maximum power output: Different chargers can draw varying amounts of electrical current through their 240V electric circuit. More current means more power, which faster charges the battery. Most level 2 chargers provide 3.3-10 kW of charging power to the i3.

2. Maximum power intake of i3: A Level 2 charger can provide up to 7.7 kW of charging power to the 2017 BMW i3. With such power, an empty i3 can be fully charged in just 4.5 hours and has sufficient efficiency to charge the battery each night.

Level 2 charging for home (cost is about $1250).

With a charging speed of up to 30 miles per hour, a level 2 charger is an excellent way to recharge your BMW EV fully while sleeping. It is seven times faster than a level 1 charger (120V). Most of the time, charging at home brings a lot of conveniences to EV owners.

A Level 2 charger can charge up to 80% capacity in 5 hours and seven times quicker than a Level 1 charge. There are over 35,000 Level 2 chargers widely available countrywide.

Features of Level 2 charger

You spend less time Using a 240-volt connection for Level 2 charging for your electric car battery.

The all-in-one design makes it easy to charge. A mounting bracket simplifies setup and regular charging with quick-release technology and built-in cable management.

You can control your charging using a smartphone app, Google Home, Amazon, and Alexa.

You can also check the status of your battery by using an app, Google Home, or Amazon Alexa. One can access the system via a smart speaker and view real-time data.

The wall-mounted JuiceBox has a stylish and functional design, with dynamic LEDs indicating charging status.

In certain cases, you will receive a limited warranty on certain parts and a 3-year warranty from the company’s website.

Level 3 Charger

The fastest and the most powerful mode of charging is the level 3, also known as DC fast charger. It uses AC (alternating current) instead of DC (direct current) against the other two chargers. BMW i3 battery can be charged up to 80% in a short while of 20 minutes, and charging slows down once it is charged up to 80% to protect battery health against overcharging.

BMW provides another advantage to its users as they can get free, fast charging, thanks to BMW’s agreement with EVgo. It is assigned to provide free DC fast charging through its Charge Now Program. The program is for those who purchase or lease a BMW i3. EVgo is the largest public fast-charging network with 800 plus charging locations nationwide.

DC fast charging is something that, in any case, can’t be installed at home because it requires high-transmission supply lines, and fewer residential areas are seen with such a huge supply. Further, its cost is exceedingly high; sometimes, it may cost more than your EV.

But usually, DC fast charger cost is around more than $50,000. Charging by a level 3 fast charger at a public charging station takes only 20 minutes to fill up to 80% of the battery. With such an incredible charging speed, even thinking about installing a fast charger at home looks foolish.

Charging EVs at Home

Of course, the simplest and most useful way to refill EVs is to plug them in at home. According to various surveys, charging at home is the most popular way to charge. The United States Department of Energy claims that about 80% of charging of Electric Vehicles occurs at homes.

BMW Home EV Chargers

The Flexible Fast Charger is good as a portable charging device for your BMW, connecting to 120-volt and even 240-volt.

Buying an all-electric BMW i4, iX, and i7 across the U.S. can be lucrative because the company provides you with a free home charger to install at home. The charger fitting may cost from $500 to $700 if done by some qualified technicians.

Some organizations like (HOA) Home Owners Association may not allow you to install home chargers owing to their particular reservations. In that case, you should go for public charging stations widely spreading throughout the US.

Choosing a Compatible BMW EV Home Charger

The best home charger for the BMW i3, i4, i7, and iX would be a Chargepoint having 240V (50 amp). The amperage for a Home BMW EV charger should be 16 amps; however, some home chargers are also available with 30 amps or more. All-electric BMW most models are also compatible with all open public charging networks.

What’s the Difference Between Level 1, 2, & 3 Chargers?

Level 1 charger: A 120-volt standard wall outlet (also used in most home appliances) is used in this charger, and it fully charges a battery till morning if you put it on charge at night. It is provided free with EVs, and if you purchase it, it will cost $200.

It’s not feasible for people to travel more than 45-50 miles a day

Level 2 charger: It’s a more famous type of charger among EV owners as it charges almost seven times faster than a level 1 charger. It’s also better than the level 3 charger because level 3 is used for quick charging, and most people are afraid of the widespread perception that the constant use of DC fast chargers harms battery health.

So, level 2 chargers are tremendously growing worldwide, and people mostly like to go for them to charge their EVs. Level 2 takes 1 hour for 30 miles of range and can charge i4, iX, and i7 BMW models in just 7 to 8 hours from 0-100%.

Level 3 charger: It is the most expensive EV charger, which costs more than $50,000, and additionally, the Level 3 DC fast charger also needs improved infrastructure and a high power supply. Its home installation almost looks impossible.

Level 3 charger is designed to provide exceedingly quick charging to the EVs and can charge an EV BMW iX and i4 from 0 or 10 to 100% in just a while of 20-30 minutes. It makes the battery ready for up to 90 miles of range in just 10 minutes. These are less common and can only be found at large commercial centers, high public access areas, bus terminals, and airports.

Electric Car Charging Plug Types

Different charging plugs and cables for electric vehicles have been created worldwide. The BMW home EV charger device includes a typical power cord and can be plugged into a regular wall outlet. However, a “Format 3” public charging cord with a Type 2 plug for charging BMW vehicles is advised at public EV charging stations. This system is now the European standard for electric vehicle charging at public charging.

Still, DC fast charging has no global standard. CCS2, CCS1, CHAdeMO, and GB/T have become the standard in Europe, North America, and Asia.

What Affects Charging Speed

Various factors play a significant role when the charging speed is concerned. The type of vehicle, size of the EV battery, charger power output, and the remaining battery power are the factors that determine how quickly the battery will charge.

Generally, using an alternate current for charging takes longer than charging by direct current. For instance, an iX3 is charged from 0-80% in less than 30 minutes using a high charging power output of 150 kW, while the same takes almost 7 hours to fully charge with a Wallbox giving an output of 11 kW.

How Much Does it Cost to Charge an EV?

Charging your Electric Vehicles at home via a Wallbox home charger is the cheapest way to charge the EV. If you go to a public charging station, the cost of charging varies depending on the price of electricity, the pricing schedule, and the level of charging used.

Several variables, including the power cost in your location, the size of your EV’s battery, the charging speed, and the time of day you charge your car, determine how much it will cost to charge an EV battery.

An electric car can go between 200 and 250 miles on a full charge that costs, on average, $13.20 in the United States for a 60 kWh battery. However, the expense may differ significantly based on location and the power cost.

If an EV is charged up to 80% using a fast charging station, like a DC fast charger, in roughly 30 to 40 minutes, the cost per kWh may be greater.

In general, the cost of refueling an EV is less than that of a gas-powered vehicle, but there are still several variables to consider. To locate the cheapest alternative for you, it’s a good idea to examine the energy rates in your region and compare the prices of various charging methods.